Emeralds rich green is the color of life; of spring. Emerald has long been held to be the gem of new life. Emerald’s green makes it the perfect birthstone for May, the month of new life. Emerald is a member of the Beryl family of gems and is closely related to Aquamarine and like Aquamarine it has a long and noble history. Emerald was the gem dedicated to Venus the goddess of love. It was thought that an Emerald would reveal a lover’s faithfulness. Cleopatra wore emeralds. Nero is said to have used a large emerald like a pair of sunglasses to view the gladiators at the coliseum. For thousands of years, from the Pharaohs of ancient Egypt, the Mongols of India, to the crown heads of Europe, emeralds have been coveted for their lush green hue.
The emeralds of legend had many powers. Emerald gave the person who wore one the power to think clearly in the past as well as the present and to see the future. It also would improve ones memory, and give one the gift of eloquent speech. Emerald was also thought to bestow honesty and frugality. Emeralds could also be powdered and taken as medicine to prevent epilepsy.
Columbian emeralds have always been the worlds finest. When the Spaniards first discovered and conquered the Inca Empire in the 16th century, they not only stole all the gold they could get their hands on; they also plundered all the emeralds they could find. The Spaniards where unable however, to discover the source of the Inca’s emeralds until 1555, when the Muzo mine was stumbled across by accident.
The distinctive hue of an emerald is often thought to always be a pure green. Many fine emeralds however have a slightly bluish green to yellowish green hue, which like the many greens of nature can be remarkably beautiful. Emeralds typically have a broad range of internal clarity characteristics called inclusions. These inclusions are not considered a detriment unless they are so numerous as to make the emerald appear cloudy or large as to affect the gems durability. In some cases these inclusions can create a lovely pattern known as a jardin (French) or garden, and to some feel this pattern adds interest to the gem. An emerald without these inclusions is a very very rare and valuable gem.
The major sources for Emeralds today are Columbia and Brazil. Emeralds are also found in Pakistan, Africa, Russia, Afghanistan and Australia.
Emeralds are almost always enhanced to improve their appearance. It is common to introduce natural or man made oils or fillers into an emerald’s inclusions to minimize their visibility. Often referred to as oiling the technique is thousands of years old. This sort of enhancement is not stable and can fade with time or when exposed to heat.
Emeralds are very delicate and care should be taken when ever they are worn or cleaned. The inclusions that are common in emeralds are sensitive to both sharp and glancing blows and sudden changes in temperature. Steam and ultrasonic cleaners should never be used. Most commercial jewelry cleaners should also not be used, unless specifically designed for delicate gems. A mild soap and warm water solution is very good along with an old, soft, toothbrush to gently clean the setting as well as the gem. Always rise and dry your jewelry after cleaning.
David West Nytch CGA www.westandcompany.com







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